{"id":5051,"date":"2024-10-24T09:07:16","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T01:07:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/?p=5051"},"modified":"2024-10-29T16:59:55","modified_gmt":"2024-10-29T08:59:55","slug":"o-que-e-a-resistencia-a-tracao-e-como-medi-la","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/","title":{"rendered":"O que \u00e9 a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o e como medi-la?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00cdndice<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Alternar o \u00edndice\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Alternar<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#Overview_of_Tensile_Strength\" >Vis\u00e3o geral da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#Importance_of_Tensile_Strength\" >Import\u00e2ncia da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#How_to_Measure_the_Tensile_Strength_of_Materials\" >Como medir a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o dos materiais?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#1-_Preparation_of_Specimen\" >1- Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o do esp\u00e9cime<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#2-_Using_The_Machine\" >2- Utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da m\u00e1quina<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#Different_Types_of_Tensile_Strength\" >Diferentes tipos de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#Factors_Affecting_Tensile_Strength\" >Factores que afectam a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#Frequently_Asked_Questions\" >perguntas frequentes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/blog\/what-is-tensile-strength-and-how-to-measure-it\/#Conclusion\" >Conclus\u00e3o<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O que \u00e9 a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o? Esta pergunta surge quando se v\u00ea este termo escrito nos r\u00f3tulos de v\u00e1rios produtos. A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 considerada um indicador do grau de resist\u00eancia de um material. No entanto, esta n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma informa\u00e7\u00e3o completa, uma vez que este termo tem um \u00e2mbito alargado. Muitas ind\u00fastrias baseiam-se nele para escolher as mat\u00e9rias-primas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Lembre-se, conhecer o verdadeiro significado de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 de extrema import\u00e2ncia. Porqu\u00ea? Porque mostra a capacidade e a durabilidade de diferentes materiais. Um material com menor resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o seria de baixa resist\u00eancia e vice-versa. Este artigo centrar-se-\u00e1 na resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o e na forma de a medir corretamente. Vamos l\u00e1 come\u00e7ar!<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overview_of_Tensile_Strength\"><\/span><b>Vis\u00e3o geral da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-5059\" src=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Overview-of-Tensile-Strength-300x225.webp\" alt=\"Vis\u00e3o geral da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Overview-of-Tensile-Strength-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Overview-of-Tensile-Strength-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Overview-of-Tensile-Strength-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Overview-of-Tensile-Strength.webp 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><b>A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 a for\u00e7a ou tens\u00e3o que um material pode suportar antes de se partir. Simplesmente, \u00e9 um ponto de tens\u00e3o em que o material j\u00e1 n\u00e3o consegue suportar a for\u00e7a. Como resultado, parte-se em vez de voltar \u00e0 sua forma original. Cada material tem uma resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o \u00fanica. Os materiais com maior resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o dur\u00e1veis.<\/b><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A unidade internacional de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 o Pascal. No entanto, s\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m utilizadas outras unidades para exprimir a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o dos materiais. Por exemplo, no sistema americano, \u00e9 utilizada a unidade Libras-for\u00e7a por polegada quadrada (psi). Quanto maior for a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o, melhor e mais forte \u00e9 o material. Por exemplo, a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o do alum\u00ednio \u00e9 de cerca de 5800 a 7200 PSI.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por outro lado, a borracha tem uma resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o de cerca de 2100 PSI, o que indica que o alum\u00ednio \u00e9 mais robusto. Necessitar\u00e1 de mais for\u00e7a ou tens\u00e3o para se partir. Poder\u00e1 estar a perguntar-se porque \u00e9 que precisamos de saber a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Lembre-se que utilizamos diferentes materiais com base na sua resist\u00eancia. Por exemplo, gostaria de utilizar um material fraco no seu projeto?<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A sua resposta seria N\u00c3O! Mas como saberemos se o material \u00e9 s\u00f3lido ou suficientemente bom para suportar tens\u00f5es elevadas? \u00c9 a\u00ed que entra em cena a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Esta mede a quantidade de tens\u00e3o que um material pode suportar antes de se partir. Assim, os fabricantes selecionam o material de acordo com as necessidades dos seus projectos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e3o se trata apenas da resist\u00eancia, mas tamb\u00e9m da elasticidade dos diferentes materiais. Assim, o fabricante toma uma decis\u00e3o informada. Sem conhecer a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o, acabar\u00e1 por fazer a sele\u00e7\u00e3o errada. Os materiais errados de que o fornecedor necessita para a resist\u00eancia s\u00f3 causariam problemas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Importance_of_Tensile_Strength\"><\/span><b>Import\u00e2ncia da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Os fabricantes utilizam materiais diferentes para fabricar v\u00e1rios produtos. N\u00e3o \u00e9 verdade? Esses materiais podem ser metais, borrachas ou pl\u00e1sticos. Cada produto requer diferentes resist\u00eancias, consoante o local onde vai ser utilizado. Todos os metais parecem ser resistentes. Dir-se-ia que um produto constitu\u00eddo por metal \u00e9 robusto.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por isso, o metal deve ser utilizado para fabricar produtos fortes. Mas n\u00e3o \u00e9 assim que as coisas funcionam. Diferentes metais t\u00eam diferentes resist\u00eancias \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Por isso, os fabricantes medem a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o desses metais. A medi\u00e7\u00e3o da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o ajuda-os a utilizar o melhor material. Por exemplo, utilizar\u00e3o um material mais robusto para tornar o produto duradouro.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Existem tipos de borracha semelhantes. Cada um destes tipos tem diferentes resist\u00eancias. Por isso, a sua utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o tamb\u00e9m se baseia na resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. A medi\u00e7\u00e3o da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o indica o grau de elasticidade de um material de borracha. Por outras palavras, a quantidade de tra\u00e7\u00e3o ou alongamento que um material pode suportar.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tudo isto \u00e9 poss\u00edvel gra\u00e7as ao valor medido da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Deve medir-se a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o quando se compra um produto ou material? A resposta \u00e9 N\u00c3O! Como cliente, n\u00e3o precisa de o fazer. V\u00e1rios produtos v\u00eam com etiquetas onde est\u00e1 escrito este valor. A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o e a sua medi\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o essenciais apenas para os fabricantes.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_to_Measure_the_Tensile_Strength_of_Materials\"><\/span><b>Como medir a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o dos materiais?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-5058\" src=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/How-to-Measure-the-Tensile-Strength-of-Materials-300x225.webp\" alt=\"Como medir a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o dos materiais\" width=\"499\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/How-to-Measure-the-Tensile-Strength-of-Materials-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/How-to-Measure-the-Tensile-Strength-of-Materials-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/How-to-Measure-the-Tensile-Strength-of-Materials-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/How-to-Measure-the-Tensile-Strength-of-Materials.webp 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/tensile-tester\/\"><b>Diferentes aparelhos de teste de tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> s\u00e3o utilizadas para medir a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Cada m\u00e1quina de ensaio tem as suas carater\u00edsticas e o seu m\u00e9todo de trabalho. Algumas m\u00e1quinas t\u00eam quatro pontos para segurar os materiais, enquanto outras t\u00eam dois pontos e s\u00e3o simples de utilizar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-_Preparation_of_Specimen\"><\/span><b>1- Prepara\u00e7\u00e3o do esp\u00e9cime<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vamos discutir o processo exato de determina\u00e7\u00e3o da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o do material. Em primeiro lugar, deve utilizar um pequeno esp\u00e9cime (amostra) de material na m\u00e1quina de ensaio. Se o material for demasiado grande, ter\u00e1 de o cortar. Lembre-se que s\u00f3 precisamos de uma amostra para este ensaio. Por exemplo, se o material de borracha for demasiado grande.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Para este teste, \u00e9 necess\u00e1rio um pequeno peda\u00e7o deste material que caiba nas m\u00e1quinas. As propriedades que os pequenos peda\u00e7os exibem indicar\u00e3o as propriedades do material inteiro. Por exemplo, durante o ensaio, o material de borracha parte-se rapidamente. Isto significa que todo o material ser\u00e1 fraco e f\u00e1cil de partir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-_Using_The_Machine\"><\/span><b>2- Utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da m\u00e1quina<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Como referi anteriormente, as m\u00e1quinas de teste de tra\u00e7\u00e3o podem ter dois, tr\u00eas ou mesmo quatro pontos. Cada ponto segura o material. Estou a explicar este teste utilizando uma m\u00e1quina de teste de tra\u00e7\u00e3o de dois pontos. Primeiro, tem de fixar o material na extremidade da ponta. De seguida, fixar o segundo lado da pe\u00e7a de trabalho com outro ponto.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uma vez terminado, ligar a m\u00e1quina. O ponto aplicar\u00e1 tens\u00e3o na pe\u00e7a de trabalho. Lembre-se que ambos os pontos da m\u00e1quina esticam o material na dire\u00e7\u00e3o oposta. Por exemplo, se um ponto puxa o material para cima, outro puxa-o para baixo. Como resultado, o material sofrer\u00e1 tens\u00e3o devido a rasg\u00f5es e expans\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A m\u00e1quina continuar\u00e1 a aumentar a tens\u00e3o\/for\u00e7a de forma consistente. Lembre-se que a m\u00e1quina regista a for\u00e7a aplicada e o alongamento que ocorre. Chegar\u00e1 uma altura em que o material deixar\u00e1 de se esticar. Ou se parte. Em termos simples, n\u00e3o suportar\u00e1 mais tens\u00e3o ou for\u00e7a.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Esta \u00e9 a fase de alongamento mais elevada que um material pode suportar. Nesta altura, a m\u00e1quina regista a for\u00e7a e o alongamento do material (\u00e1rea da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal). Esta for\u00e7a e a \u00e1rea da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal podem ser utilizadas para encontrar a resist\u00eancia exacta \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Eis a f\u00f3rmula:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o = For\u00e7a (F) \u00f7 \u00c1rea da sec\u00e7\u00e3o transversal (A)<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/pt\/produtos\/maquina-de-teste-universal\/\"><b>verificador de tra\u00e7\u00e3o universal<\/b><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> mostra a for\u00e7a e a \u00e1rea no seu ecr\u00e3. Deve registar estas leituras quando o material se parte. Utilizando esses valores na f\u00f3rmula, mede-se a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o exacta desse material.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Different_Types_of_Tensile_Strength\"><\/span><b>Diferentes tipos de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone  wp-image-5057\" src=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Different-Types-of-Tensile-Strength-300x225.webp\" alt=\"Diferentes tipos de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"500\" height=\"375\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Different-Types-of-Tensile-Strength-300x225.webp 300w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Different-Types-of-Tensile-Strength-768x576.webp 768w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Different-Types-of-Tensile-Strength-16x12.webp 16w, https:\/\/ots-testequipment.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Different-Types-of-Tensile-Strength.webp 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Existem diferentes tipos de resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Esta categoriza\u00e7\u00e3o baseia-se na forma como um material se comporta sob diferentes n\u00edveis de resist\u00eancia. Estes tipos podem parecer semelhantes, mas s\u00e3o diferentes uns dos outros. Eis a sua lista:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resist\u00eancia ao escoamento<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pontos de rutura<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Em palavras simples, s\u00e3o tr\u00eas fases. Quando se aplica uma tens\u00e3o, o material passa por v\u00e1rias fases antes de se partir. Por exemplo, o primeiro material muda de forma devido \u00e0 tens\u00e3o. No entanto, volta \u00e0 sua posi\u00e7\u00e3o se a tens\u00e3o for removida. O ponto em que o material se deforma permanentemente \u00e9 designado por ponto de ced\u00eancia. A este n\u00edvel, o material nunca poder\u00e1 recuperar a sua forma.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O ponto em que o material se parte \u00e9 designado por ponto de rutura. Geralmente, o ponto de rutura e a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final s\u00e3o semelhantes. A UTS tamb\u00e9m representa o ponto de tens\u00e3o elevada que um material pode suportar antes de se danificar. Mas no ponto de rutura, o material parte-se. A partir deste n\u00edvel, n\u00e3o pode suportar nem mesmo uma pequena quantidade de press\u00e3o.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Factors_Affecting_Tensile_Strength\"><\/span><b>Factores que afectam a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Alguns factores influenciam a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o de diferentes materiais. A lista desses factores \u00e9 a seguinte:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Exposi\u00e7\u00e3o ao calor<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tratamento t\u00e9rmico<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Composi\u00e7\u00e3o dos materiais<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Processos de fabrico<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se os materiais permanecerem expostos ao calor, a sua resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o diminui. Da mesma forma, as temperaturas frias aumentam a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Mas esta altera\u00e7\u00e3o da resist\u00eancia \u00e9 geralmente muito reduzida. A exposi\u00e7\u00e3o ao calor e o tratamento t\u00e9rmico s\u00e3o duas coisas diferentes. O tratamento t\u00e9rmico envolve a utiliza\u00e7\u00e3o estrat\u00e9gica do calor para modificar os materiais.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Por exemplo, os fabricantes utilizam o recozimento, um processo de tratamento t\u00e9rmico que reduz a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Por outro lado, a t\u00eampera \u00e9 outro processo de tratamento t\u00e9rmico que aumenta a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. A composi\u00e7\u00e3o do material \u00e9 outro fator que influencia a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Os metais puros t\u00eam geralmente menor resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o do que as ligas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O ponto em que o material se parte \u00e9 designado por ponto de rutura. Geralmente, o ponto de rutura e a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final s\u00e3o semelhantes. A UTS tamb\u00e9m representa o ponto de tens\u00e3o elevada que um material pode suportar antes de se danificar. Mas no ponto de rutura, o material parte-se. A partir deste n\u00edvel, n\u00e3o pode suportar nem mesmo uma pequena quantidade de press\u00e3o.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_Asked_Questions\"><\/span><b>perguntas frequentes<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Que unidades s\u00e3o utilizadas para medir a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pascal (Pa) \u00e9 uma unidade utilizada internacionalmente para medir a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. No entanto, outras unidades, como MPa, PSI ou PSI, tamb\u00e9m s\u00e3o utilizadas para o expressar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Qual \u00e9 a diferen\u00e7a entre resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o e resist\u00eancia ao escoamento?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 o ponto de tens\u00e3o mais elevado em que o material se parte. O limite de elasticidade \u00e9 o ponto em que o material come\u00e7a a deformar-se permanentemente. N\u00e3o se parte a este n\u00edvel, mas n\u00e3o regressa \u00e0 sua forma original.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser melhorada?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sim, a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o do material pode ser melhorada. Por exemplo, a adi\u00e7\u00e3o de impurezas pode aumentar a sua dureza e resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Al\u00e9m disso, diferentes tratamentos t\u00e9rmicos tamb\u00e9m alteram a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o do material.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Conclusion\"><\/span><b>Conclus\u00e3o<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Curiosamente, a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o desempenha um papel fundamental na qualidade do produto. Ajuda os fabricantes a escolher o material adequado para os seus produtos. Ind\u00fastrias como a autom\u00f3vel e a aeroespacial dependem da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Utilizam este par\u00e2metro na sele\u00e7\u00e3o de materiais para produzir produtos fi\u00e1veis.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tenha em aten\u00e7\u00e3o que os diferentes materiais t\u00eam diferentes resist\u00eancias \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Neste artigo, explico o processo completo de como pode medir a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o. Em suma, precisar\u00e1 de uma m\u00e1quina de teste de tra\u00e7\u00e3o e estar\u00e1 pronto para come\u00e7ar. Espero que este artigo acrescente valor ao c\u00e1lculo da resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o dos materiais.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O que \u00e9 a resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o? Esta pergunta surge quando se v\u00ea este termo escrito nos r\u00f3tulos de v\u00e1rios produtos. A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 considerada um indicador do grau de resist\u00eancia de um material. No entanto, esta n\u00e3o \u00e9 uma informa\u00e7\u00e3o completa, uma vez que este termo tem um \u00e2mbito alargado. Muitas ind\u00fastrias baseiam-se nele para escolher as mat\u00e9rias-primas.   ...<\/p>","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":5052,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5051","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is Tensile Strength and How to Measure It?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"What is tensile strength, and how is it measured? This article answers this question thoroughly. 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